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East Palestine, Ohio Train Derailment
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What’s the difference between air sampling and air monitoring?
Air monitoring and air sampling are two different methods of looking at air quality. Air monitoring uses electronic devices to provide real-time readings of contaminants in the air. Air sampling involves trapping air over a period of time in a container that is then sent to a laboratory for analysis…
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What is EPA’s role in sampling?
EPA is part of the Unified Command consisting of different agencies to review, approve and direct Norfolk Southern’s workplans and site activities. Surface water sampling is performed by Norfolk Southern contractors, with EPA and Ohio EPA oversight. Soil sampling is performed both by Norfolk Southern contractors and EPA contractors. Air…
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What is the plume map and what does it tell us?
The plume map is an “event reconstruction” based on known weather and on-site observations during a 10-hour time period after the vent-and-burn operation that occurred on Monday, February 6. It tells us where soot likely fell to the ground and where the highest concentrations of particles may be. This information…
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Can a gallon of ethanol generate more than 1.0 RIN in RFS2?
See More Frequent Questions about Fuels Registration, Reporting, and Compliance Help . The number of RINs that can be generated for each gallon of renewable fuel are determined by the Equivalence Values. See 80.1415 and 80.1426(f)(2)-(6). Equivalence Values are based on energy content in the renewable fuel in comparison to…
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If I produce biodiesel using waste vegetable oil, can I generate more RINs per gallon than if I use virgin soy oil? Would the use of solar panels as a heat source for our process help with our RIN number per gallon?
See More Frequent Questions about Fuels Registration, Reporting, and Compliance Help . The number of RINs that can be generated for each gallon of renewable fuel is determined by the Equivalence Values. See regulations at 80.1415(b) and 8.1426(f)(2)(i), for example. Equivalence Values are based on energy content in the renewable…
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What is split sampling?
Split sampling is a technique where multiple samples are collected from the same location at the same time and then sent to separate laboratories for analysis. Checking to see if the labs get the same or similar results is a way to determine the accuracy of the data. If there…
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What work happens after contamination under and between the train tracks is removed?
After track work is complete, additional cleanup and assessments will continue. This includes shipping solid and liquid wastes off-site, excavating in areas where rail cars were staged and scrapped, and sampling and monitoring groundwater, soil, surface water, and sediment.
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Columbiana County Health District has sampled my private well, will it be sampled again?
Residents will be contacted if they are within the priority zones and have signed up for private well sampling. Within 60 days after the first sample, private wells are resampled, and residents will be contacted to schedule resampling. Residents within one of the four priority zones can also schedule a…
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What is the operational tolerance for denaturant in ethanol to meet the definition of Renewable Fuel? The RFS2 definition calls for a maximum of 2% denaturant. What if the lab results come back higher or lower than 2%? For example, what if the lab results
See More Frequent Questions about Fuels Registration, Reporting, and Compliance Help . The definition of renewable fuel in 80.1401 specifies that the maximum amount of denaturant in ethanol that can be treated as renewable fuel is 2 volume percent. If lab results indicate that the concentration of denaturant is higher…
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If a producer is able to change its D code, can it make retroactive changes in the D code of the RINs it has issued previously during the year or earlier if the production during the previous period would meet the newly classified D code criteria?
See More Frequent Questions about Fuels Registration, Reporting, and Compliance Help . Once a RIN is generated and transferred to another party, it cannot be changed. Thus, retroactive changes to D codes in RINs are not allowed.
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Does ethanol derived from cellulosic feedstock or sugar have the same Equivalence Value as ethanol derived form corn starch, i.e. 1.0?
See More Frequent Questions about Fuels Registration, Reporting, and Compliance Help . Yes. Equivalence Values are based on energy content in the fuel, adjusted for renewable content in comparison to denatured ethanol. See 80.1415(c). Ethanol from starch, sugar, and cellulose is all chemically identical, and is all 100% renewable (none…
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Is formaldehyde a contaminant of concern from the derailment?
Last week, an East Palestine resident reported to EPA that they had a skin reaction from handling soil in their backyard after digging a swimming pool. EPA tested the soil and did not detect high hazard chemicals. The device used for testing did indicate that low levels of formaldehyde might…
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What is the East Palestine Potable Water Sampling Work Plan?
In February, EPA required Norfolk Southern to investigate drinking water sources through a work plan approved by responding agencies. The work plan is being used to monitor drinking water near the derailment site, and recently changed to include more areas for water sampling. These new areas were chosen based on…
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Can ethanol produced from sugarcane molasses through a fermentation process in a mixed sugar/ethanol mill generate D-Code 5 RINs under the existing pathway in Table 1 to §80.1426 for ethanol produced from sugarcane through the fermentation process?
See More Frequent Questions about Fuels Registration, Reporting, and Compliance Help . Yes, ethanol produced from sugarcane molasses through the fermentation process can generate D-Code 5 RINs under the RFS program. There are generally three types of sugarcane ethanol production mills: (1) Dedicated mills using all the sugarcane juice to…
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