Michigan (Part 60) Emission Guidelines and (Part 62) State/Federal Plans (Section 111d/129) Delegations

Clean Air Act (CAA) section 111(d), originally enacted in 1970, was intended to cover pollutants that are not regulated under either the criteria pollutant/NAAQS provisions or section 112 of the CAA.  It was designed to regulate pollutants from existing sources and new sources that fall in the gap not covered by the criteria pollutant provisions or the hazardous air pollutant provisions. In 1990, Congress added Section 129 to the CAA specifically to address emissions from solid waste combustion.

Sections 111 and 129 require EPA to establish new source performance standards (NSPS) for new units and require the Agency to establish Emission Guidelines for existing units. Both the NSPS and the Emission Guidelines under section 111(d)/129 use a Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) type approach as used under Section 112.

• New source performance standards (NSPS) are direct federal regulations that apply to new sources.
• Emission guidelines do not directly regulate solid waste combustion units; they establish requirements for state plans, which are the vehicle by which states implement the guidelines.
• Once approved, these state plans become federally enforceable.
• If a state does not seek approval of a state plan, the federal plan applies.

Large Municipal Waste Combustors (Large MWC)

• Large Municipal Waste Combustors (LMWC): New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and Emissions Guidelines (EG)
• Federal Plan: LMWC Federal Plan  40 CFR Part 62 Subpart FFF

Federal Plan Applies

Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators (HMIWI)

• Hospital, Medical and Infectious Waste Incinerators (HMIWI): New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and Emission Guidelines (EG)
• Federal Plan: HMIWI Federal Plan 40 CFR Part 62 Subpart HHH

Negative Declaration but Federal Plan would apply if a source is found.

• Michigan and Wisconsin HMIWI Negative Declaration (Final Rule) (78 FR 72581) Dec. 3, 2013
• Michigan and Wisconsin HMIWI Negative Declaration (Proposed Rule) (78 FR 72611) Dec. 3, 2013

Small Municipal Waste Combustors (Small MWC)

• Small Municipal Waste Combustors (SMWC): New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and Emission Guidelines (EG)
• Federal Plan: SMWC Federal Plan 40 CFR Part 62 Subpart JJJ

Negative Declaration but Federal Plan would apply if a source is found.

• Michigan SMWC Negative Declaration (Final Rule) (80 FR 70694) (4 pp, 227 K, About PDF) November 16, 2015 

• Michigan SMWC Negative Declaration (Proposed Rule) (80 FR 70727) (2 pp, 208 K, About PDF) November 16, 2015

Commercial, Industrial Solid Waste Incinerators (CISWI)

• Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units (CISWI): New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and Emission Guidelines (EG)
• Federal Plan: CISWI Federal Plan 40 CFR Part 62 Subpart III

Federal Plan Applies

Other Solid Waste Incineration (OSWI)

• Other Solid Waste Incinerators (OSWI): New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and Emission Guidelines (EG)

Sewage Sludge Incinerators (SSI)

• Sewage Sludge Incineration Units (SSI): New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and Emission Guidelines (EG)
• Federal Plan - SSI Federal Plan 40 CFR Part 62 Subpart LLL

State Plan Approved

• Michigan SSI State Plan (Final Rule) (80 FR 70694) Nov. 16, 2015
• Michigan SSI State Plan (Proposed Rule) (80 FR 70727) Nov. 16, 2015

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Landfills

• Municipal Solid Waste Landfills: New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and Emission Guidelines (EG)
• Federal Plan – MSW Landfill Federal Plan 40 CFR Part 62 Subpart GGG

Federal Plan Applies